McDonald's International Operations
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McDonald's is one of the most successful American companies in terms of exporting not only its products, but its entire method of operations to foreign markets. Begun by an enterprising milkshake machine salesman who was curious why a single hamburger store would need multiple machines, McDonald's is a combination of capturing and riding changing American trends with a savvy marketing program. Known for hamburgers, french fries and milkshakes, the company has built its original humble beginnings into a worldwide operation that spans nearly 90 countries and which has one of the most recognized brand names in the world (Whalen, 1995, p. I4). This research considers the success of McDonald's, with a particular emphasis on the company's foreign operations, examining the company's operations in six countries and the cultural and economic factors which help make the company successful in its widely diverse markets.McDonald's develops, operates, franchises and services a global system of restaurants which prepare, assemble, package and sell a limited menu of value-priced foods. These restaurants are operated by the company or, under the terms of franchise arrangements, by franchisees who are independent third parties. Affiliates can also operate under joint-venture agreements between McDonald's and local businesspeople. McDonald's franchising program assures consistency and quality regardless of where a store is located. McDonald's is s
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even declined from the mid-1970s through the recession of the early 1980s. The economy then experienced eight consecutive years of growth that ended with a downturn beginning in late 1992 ("Background Notes-Germany, 1995, p. 6).
After national unification in the early 1990s, eastern German industrial output collapsed to approximately 40 percent of its 1989 level, leading to high unemployment in the new states. Reunification strained German public finance, hurt the labor market, and eventually exposed structural weaknesses in the economy.
Following a reunification-induced western German economic boom during 1990-1992 fueled by explosive consumer demand and capital spending, growth stalled while transfer payments to the eastern states rose to $90 billion per year. In an effort to contain the inflationary pressures of these transfers, the Central Bank (Bundesbank) maintained a high short-term interest rate policy which further dampened economic activity. In 1994, the German economy turned the corner on recovery, and the 10 percent growth rate in the eastern states was the highest of any region in Europe ("Background Notes-Germany, 1995, p. 6).
Germans often describe their economic system as a "social market economy" since the
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Approximate Word count = 3946
Approximate Pages = 16 (250 words per page)
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