Management Questions

1-1 Managers at all levels of an organization spent a large part of their time providing leadership to their subordinates. First-line managers are likely to rely on their technical skills to help them in their duties while those managers who are recent college graduates may rely on the courses they took in school to help them. Generally, first-line managers are responsible for directing the work of their subordinates based on information received from their own supervisors.

Middle managers are responsible not for the day-to-day operations of an organization (that is the first-line manager's responsibility), but for longer term operations. In this way, the middle manager allocates resources, often on an annual basis, and sets priorities for the various groups which report to the middle manager. Where first-line managers may be involved in how production is accomplished, for example, middle managers are interested primarily not in how something is done, but ensuring that it is done on time and in accordance with the organization's strategic goals.

Top managers plan the overall direction of the company, seek out strategic opportunities for the business and generally involve themselves in the long-term operation of the organization. These managers rely on their subordinates (middle managers) to handle most aspects of the company's operations and are instead interested in the competitive position of the organization and its external environment.

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roduct, but also in the way in which products are made and sold. A company with a traditional social responsibility outlook is concerned primarily with shareholders, and such companies typically are not concerned about employees except as profitability is involved. For example, these companies are not concerned with the effect that layoffs will have on individual employees, only on whether the layoffs will increase the company's profitability. Employees are not likely to be satisfied working for organizations with such a narrow focus. The stakeholder concept is certainly more palatable to most employees since it recognizes their interests as stakeholders in the organization, but this approach does not necessarily provide the broader community awareness that the affirmative approach does. As a result, while employees would welcome a shift from a traditional to a stakeholder orientation, a further shift to an affirmative orientation would most likely be the most popular. Critical Thinking Case--Durable Vehicles Industries 1 This case pits the legal level of ethics against the organizational and individual levels. From a purely legal standpoint, Durable Vehicles may well be within its rights to redesign the 1200 with fewer

Category: Business - M