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Leadership Approaches of 7 Leaders

The twentieth century saw the rise of the professional manager as well as the introduction of corporate leaders. There was a debate about whether leaders and managers are the same, whether they are different, and the roles of each within organizations. Over the century, attention shifted from the idea that leaders should direct specific tasks and motivate workers through a reward system to the idea that leaders facilitate the personal and professional growth of their subordinates, and that leaders are needed and necessary at every level of the organization, not merely at the highest levels. Despite the focus on leadership as a separate area of study unique from management, there continues to be debate about the roles of leaders in organizations, and how (or whether) to develop leaders. This research considers traditional approaches to the issue of leadership, and the approaches taken by seven leaders in the field.

Traditional Approaches to Leadership Theory

During the twentieth century, two primary approaches to leadership were developed: transactional and transformational (Deluga & Souza 7). Transactional leadership suggests that leaders respond to lower level subordinate basic and security needs (Deluga & Souza 50). Leaders and subordinates are viewed as bargaining agents where relative power regulates an exchange process as benefits are issued and received. There are two types of behavioral patterns used in transactional leadership: passive and active. The passive style is described as management by exception where employees do not receive notice for their positive contributions to the organization, but instead are paid attention by their manager only when an error or problem arises. Punishment or disciplinary action is often the medium used in this approach. Active transactional leadership uses contingent rewards. With this approach, employees are praised for their performance and may be eligible for pay increa...

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Leadership Approaches of 7 Leaders. (1969, December 31). In LotsofEssays.com. Retrieved 08:41, March 29, 2024, from https://www.lotsofessays.com/viewpaper/1695553.html