ll, 1990).
For the purposes of this research, leadership is defined broadly, and includes influencing task objectives and strategies, influencing commitment and compliance in task behavior in order to achieve these objectives, influencing group maintenance and identification, and influencing the culture of an organization.
There is a similar disagreement over the concept of leadership as compared to management. Most researchers hold that a leader need not be a manager, nor does a manager have to be a leader (Kuhnert & Russell, 1990). Some managers, financial managers for example, may not have subordinates to manage. School principals, on the other hand, typically manage staff members, including faculty and support staff. While researchers recognize that there is some overlap between leadership and management, the degree to which the two overlap is disputed. One popular view is that leaders influence commitment, where managers carry out position responsibilities and exercise authorit
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