Literature Review of TQM in an Organization REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE This study

Product quality came to the forefront in the American economy in the late1980s, as the top managements in American companies learned that American product quality was generally perceivedby Americans and foreign consumers aliketo be inferior to products from other countriesparticularly Germany and Japan. The initial emphasis in the quality reawakening in the United States was on manufactured goods, as opposed to services. In the service, professional, and construction sectors, American companies were generally competing against other American companies; thus, the pressures to improve product quality were not perceived to be as significant as they were in the manufacturing sector. The advent of the longestduration economic recession in the United States since the 1930s, however, has changed the appreciation of quality outside of the manufacturing sector of the economy.1 Companies in service, professional, and construction firms in the United States are now

1Larry Armstrong, and William C. Symonds, "Beyond 'May I help you?'" Business Week, 29 October 1991, 100.

. . .
r jobs because of failure. It has been estimated that "70% of American workers are afraid to speak up with suggestions or to ask for clarification."18 This point is a part of TQM. 9. Break down barriers between staff areas. It is essential for an organization to function as a coordinated  18Hammond and DeGeorge, 38.entity, as opposed to several separate fiefdoms. This point is a part of TQM. 10. Eliminate slogans, exhortations, and targets for the work force. This point is not a part of TQM, although some companies employing TQM also observe this practice. 11. Eliminate numerical quotas for the work force and numerical goals for management. This point is not a part of TQM, although some companies employing TQM also observe this practice. 12. Remove barriers that rob people of pride of workmanship, including the annual rating or merit system. This point is not a part of TQM, although some companies employing TQM also observe this practice. 13. Institute a vigorous program of education and selfimprovement for everyone in the organization. This point is a part of TQM. 14. Put everybody in the company to work on accomplishing the desired transformation. This point is a part of TQM. Few service
. . .

Some common words found in the essay are:
Industry Week, Publishing Co, Book Company, Free Press, Engineering Management, Company Inc, Business Week, Systems Co, Summary TQM, Germany Japan, quality control, product quality, engineering management, publishing co, service companies, companies employing, total quality, human resources, transformational leader, north coast publishing, coast publishing, columbia north coast, british columbia north, business week 29, week 29 october,
Approximate Word count = 3423
Approximate Pages = 14 (250 words per page)

More Essays on Literature Review of TQM in an Organization REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE This study