DECREASING TEENAGE PREGNANCY

DECREASING TEENAGE PREGNANCY AMONG AFRICAN AMERICANS: A CARE PLAN BASED ON ROY'S THEORY

This research develops a nursing care plan designed to reduce the incidence of teenage pregnancy among African Americans. The care plan is based on the nursing theory of Sister Callista Roy. The presentation of the findings of the research performed in the development of this nursing plan begins with an examination of the problems associated with teenage pregnancy among African Americans. Following this examination, Roy's nursing theory is described and explained. The rationale for the development of a nursing plan designed to reduce the incidence of teenage pregnancy among African Americans based on Roy's theory is also included in this presentation. Finally, the nursing care plan designed to reduce the incidence of teenage pregnancy among African Americans is developed and explained.

Problems Associated With Teenage Pregnancy Among African Americans

Adolescent pregnancy continues to be one of the most challenging public health issues in the United States (Jaskiewicz and McAnarney, 1994, p. 32). Annually, more than onemillion teenagers in the United States become pregnant, and onehalf of these teenagers give birth (StevensSimon, 1992, p. 295). Of the remaining 50 percent, from three to four fifths obtain therapeutic abortions, while the remainder abort spontaneously (StevensSimon, 1992, p. 295). The highest incidence of adolescent pregnancies in the United

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of this current research is based on the nursing theories of Sister Callista Roy. Roy's adaptation model has been successfully applied in relation to a variety of health care problems (Jackson, 1990, pp. 143148). Within the adaptation model, the person is conceived as an adaptive system. "System inputs include (1) three classes of stimuli (focal, contextual, or residual) that arise from within a person and the external environment and (2) adaptation level. Adaptation level is fluid, is comprised of all three classes of stimuli, and represents the person's standard or range of stimuli where responses will be adaptive" (Chinn, Jacobs, and Huether, 1991, p. 193). In Roy's adaptation model, inputs "are mediated by the control process of subsystems of cognator and regulator coping mechanisms. The regulator mechanism is an automatic neuroendocrine response while the cognator subsystem represents perception, information processing, and judgments influenced by learning and emotions" (Chinn, Jacobs, and Huether, 1991, p. 193). In the adaptation model of nursing, system "effectors are the adaptive modes. These modes (physiologic, selfconcept, role function, and interdependence) are the form in which regulator and cognator subsyst

Category: Medical - D