Effective Public Administrator This research addresses the followin

Civilian employment in government at all levels in the United States totals approximately 17.5 million in 1990 (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 1990). Federal civilian employment accounted for 3.2 million of the 17.5 million total. Among the 17.5 million civilian employees in government at all levels in the United States, approximately 525 thousand are sworn law enforcement officers (Federal Bureau of Investigation, 1989). In addition to civilians employed by government at all levels in the United States, there were approximately 2.2 million armed forces personnel on active duty prior to the callup of reserves subsequent to the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait in August 1990.

Neither a highly restrictive narrow definition, nor an excessively broad definition of a public administrator appears to be most suitable for this research, which is concerned with the identifying of the characteristics of an effective public administrator. Thus, in this research, a public administrator is

. . .
sistent with the movement within American public administration toward improved program evaluation (Mazmanian and Sabatier, 1990). The evaluataion of program outcomes by public administrators is not a new task. Holding public administrators accountable on the basis of program outcomes, however, may change the character of the discipline. Certainly, accountability, in this new context, will cause many public administrators to think twice before considering means by which program objectives may be circumvented. Conversely, however, this approach to accountability in public administration provides the political arm of government with a new means of avoiding responsibility. ADMINISTERING CONTRACTS, AS OPPOSED TO SUPERVISING PEOPLE For a wide variety of reasons (desires to keep government spending in offbudget accounts, a philosophical preference by elected officials for private sector implementation, lack of a specific expertise in government, and so forth), an increasing volume and variety of governmental services, previously delivered directly by governmental organizations, are being delivered by private sector entities under contract with a government body. In a growing number of instances, thus, the effective pub
. . .

Some common words found in the essay are:
SUPERVISING PEOPLE, Mercer Koester, Klinger Nalbandian, Mazmanian Sabatier, Watergate Scandal, Department Investigation, PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION, AMERICAN SOCIETY, , Kuwait August, public administrator, public administration, koester 1990, mercer koester 1990, mercer koester, contracting services, effective public administrator, public services, public administrators, effective public, american society, york city, contemporary american society, services mercer koester, public administrator contemporary,
Approximate Word count = 2896
Approximate Pages = 12 (250 words per page)