Interpersonal Skills REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE Introducti

The review emphasizes those studies that deal with factors contributive to variance in interpersonal skills effectiveness. Further, there is a discussion of the use of subordinates' ratings as a measure of interpersonal skills effectiveness since this study utilized this index in measuring skill effectiveness. The review begins with a discussion of the underlying theory on which the study is based.

Interpersonal Skills Effectiveness: General Theory

The theoretical orientation of this study is based on the writings of Harry Stack Sullivan (1947) who stated that individual personalities could not be understood apart from the social environments in which they develop and are maintained. Specifically, Sullivan (1947) defined personality as:

. . .the relatively enduring pattern of recurrent interpersonal situations which characterize a human life. (p. xi)

What Sullivan is suggesting in his definition is that a full understanding of personality cannot be attained apart from the content of that social interaction in which a pe

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ved is important due to the fact that conflict can lead to dysfunctional organizational functioning by creating losses in productivity resulting from lack of cooperation between conflicting parties. Moreover, conflict can be distracting and reduce workers' levels of job concentration. It can reduce employee morale and lead to stress, frustration, and anxiety for everyone involved in the conflict. According to Feldman and Arnold (1983), a good supervisor or manager is one who can use several diverse types of conflict resolution strategies in order to reduce and eliminate conflict on the work situation. In general, conflict resolution strategies and their degree of effectiveness are almost entirely dependent upon supervisors' effective use of interpersonal skills. Indeed, the strong association between supervisors' interpersonal skills level and the effective use of conflict resolution strategies is no where better seen than by a simple examination of what the strategies require. With respect to the foregoing, Feldman and Arnold (1983) provided an extensive discussion of both the scope and the nature of conflict-resolution strategies. The authors note that, generally, these strategies fall into four main categories: (1) confl
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Approximate Word count = 8834
Approximate Pages = 35 (250 words per page)

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