Issues of Immigration

An estimated 900,000 immigrants gain entry to the United States annually (Borjas, 1995, p. 44). They enter the country by a variety of means. Legal immigrants are considered permanent resident aliens, and are permitted to remain in the United States indefinitely. They carry resident alien green cards. After living in the States for a number of years, they can opt to become naturalized citizens if they so desire. During the 1980s, an estimated 6.3 million legal aliens were granted residency in the United States (Miller, 1992, p. 71). In contrast to permanent resident aliens are nonimmigrant aliens who are allowed to enter the country legally for a specified purpose on a temporary basis. Nonimmigrant aliens include students, tourists, and diplomats. They are granted visas during their temporary stays. Another classifi

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ethnic groups. This is particularly common with firms composed of similar nationalities or ethnicities. The existence of ethnic communities helps arriving immigrants gain footing in the labor market, thus contributing to the future economic mobility of the entire immigrant community. Existing ethnic communities are critical because they provide business and employment networks. These networks "provide sources of information about outside employment, sources of jobs inside the community, and sources of credit and support for entrepreneurial ventures" (Portes and Rumbaut, 1990, p. 88). The ethnic community exerts a powerful influence of newcomers. In the absence of government assistance to do otherwise, most new immigrants tend to reside, at least initially, in ethnic enclaves due to the benefits to be gained from networking. The ability of ethnics to participate in the labor market is a major boon to the United States. This country relies on immigrant labor. This dependence will become more critical as America experiences the future labor shortages predicted by most economists: "Recent research suggests that the projected major decline in new labor force entrants could raise the issue of encouraging immigration" (Muller,
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Approximate Word count = 2651
Approximate Pages = 11 (250 words per page)

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