IMPETIGO
Introduction
Impetigo is a skin infe
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Impetigo is a skin infection that leads to small pus-filled blisters that may vary in size from the size of a pea to a large ring. It is caused by Staphylococcus or Streptococcus. Impetigo usually affects children. It frequently is found on the face, arms, and legs but can also be found anywhere on the body. It may affect normal skin or it can follow a break in the skin caused by an injury or condition that may include for example, an insect bite, fungal infection, or sunburn. Treatment includes the use of an antibiotic by mouth such as penicillin or a cephalosporin. Early treatment prevents a deeper skin infection. In very rare cases, impetigo may result in kidney failure when it is caused by Streptococcus (Merck, 2000, Ch. 201). Darmstadt and Lane (1994) report that impetigo is the most common bacterial skin infection in children. Streptococci bind to sites on fibronectin and colonize the skin directly. Staphylococcus first colonize the nasal epithelium and then colonization of the skin occurs from this reservoir. Recurrent impetigo needs to be evaluated for carriage of Staphylococcus. When impetigo is superficial and localized, it is treated successfully with mupirocin ointment. When it is widespread or involving deeper tissues, it needs to be treated with a beta-lactamase-resistant oral antibiotic (p. 293). Gisby and Bryant (2000) further report that a new cream formulation of mupirocin is as effective as oral or other topical ag
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mononucleosis. Cytomegalovirus is a herpesvirus that results in illness that is similar to infectious mononucleosis. Herpesvirus 6 causes roseola infantum in childhood. Human herpesvirus 7 is currently not linked with any illness. Herpesvirus 8 is thought to be the cause of Kaposi's sarcoma in those with AIDS (Merck, Ch. 186).
Symptoms and location help distinguish this virus. Herpes simplex causes small, fluid-filled blisters on the skin or mucous membranes; they can be found anywhere but tend to occur most commonly in and around the mouth, lips, and genitals. Blisters are surrounded by a reddish rim, tend to form clusters joined together into a larger single site, and they are painful. The virus subsides and then reactivates causing the blisters in the same location. The virus can be present without blisters as well. Blistering is a source of infecting others. Prior to blistering, tingling, discomfort or itching are present. After a few days, blisters dry and form a thin, yellowish crust with shallow ulcers. When slow to heal, as in moist body areas, scarring or secondary bacterial infection may occur. Patients with atopic eczema who become infected with herpes simplex can develop eczema herpeticum, a fatal illne
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Approximate Word count = 1377
Approximate Pages = 6 (250 words per page)
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