Quantitative Analysis

understanding of the basic principles of quantitative analysis, ì

as these principles are relevant to educational research. Two ì

objectives of this paper are to demonstrate an understanding of ì

the material presented in the text, and to discuss how the ì

concepts and principles may be applied in practice.ì

Principles of Quantitative Analysisì

In scientific inquiry, a proposition is a statement "about ì

concepts which may be judged as true or false if it refers to ì

observable phenomena. When a proposition is formulated for ì

empirical testing we call it a hypothesis."  3.ls1

1C. W. Emory, Research Methods, 5th ed. (Homewood, Illinois: ì

declarative statements that are both tentative and conjectural in ì

character. Hypotheses may be both descriptive and relational in ì

Theory, in scientific inquiry, is, in effect, a descriptive ì

explanation of how something works--an explanation of the ì

interrelated actions within a system. While hypotheses may be ì

derived from observed facts, they may also be deduced from ì

+  In scientific inquiry, theory provides a basis for the ì

narrowing of the body of facts that must be studied to ì

. . .
Ibid., 376-379. 1  Thus, if it were desired to measure the height of a ì ì group of elementary school students in terms of feet and inches, ì ì it would be necessary to have a measuring instrument which was ì ì calibrated in feet and inches. The validity of this measuring ì ì instrument calibrated in feet and inches would be determined on ì ì the basis of its ability to accurately measure feet and inches in ì ì accordance with an external standard, such as a master ì ì measurement instrument maintained by the National Bureau of ì ì Standards. An instrument designed to measure some psychological ì ì characteristic or factor would have to be evaluated in the ì ì context of validity on the basis of its ability to yield results ì ì consistent with those of another instrument whose validity has ì ì previously been established. Thus, if an instrument were ì ì designed to provide a measurement of a tendency toward abnormal ì ì behavior, the measurements provided by the instrument would have ì  = . á2
 - ¦ ìèto be consistent with those of other instruments of proven ì ì reliability in the measurement of tendencies toward abnormal ì ì behavior.ì  ääá Reliability, as
. . .

Some common words found in the essay are:
Bureau Standards, Company Inc, Publishing Company, Quantitative Proceduresì, ì ì, National Bureau, University Press, Helm Publishers, Homewood Illinois,  ääá, , Irwin Inc, ì , 3ls1  ääá, 3ls1 , ì  ääá,  =, 1 , ì ì reliability, ì reliability, analysis ì, ì instrument, ì ì instrument, analysis ì ì, instrument ì,
Approximate Word count = 4635
Approximate Pages = 19 (250 words per page)

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