Female Employee Domestic Violence Cases REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE Introducti

The review first delineates the general scope of the problem. This delineation is then followed by an examination of the psychological, legal, and community responses taken to reduce and/or remediate the problem.

Domestic Violence Against Females: Scope and Dimensions

According to a report issued by the Public Health Service (1990), at least 18 percent of all homicides in the United States occur within families with the risk for women being 1.3 times that of their husbands. However, according to Campbell (1986), even when wives kill their husbands, self-defense is involved approximately seven times as often as when husbands kill their wives.

In terms of actual numbers, Straus and Gelles (1990) state that about 1.8 million women are battered by their husbands each year in America. The authors further state that this figure is low because it does not include violence against women in either dating or cohabitating relationships.

Straus and Gelles also report that while all spousal violence is serious, abuse of female partners is a particularly serious community health problem; and this for several

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contribute to heightening public awareness of domestic violence in general and domestic violence against female partners in particular. According to Campbell and Humphreys (1984), when media have been used for these purposes, it has been observed that they not only increase public awareness of the problem but also lessen the stigma associated with being a victim of such violence. However, the authors report that the media, when used inappropriately such as via dramatizations containing violence, can also contribute to the problem of domestic violence through its constant exposure. Unfortunately, the media is often used for this purpose; indeed, by age 18 years, the average child has seen 1,800 murders and countless acts of nonfatal violence on television alone. Community facilities can also be used to assist efforts to curb violence. For example, recreational facilities can provide socially acceptable outlets for feelings of aggression through participation in competitive sports. Similarly, spectator sports such as football or hockey can also allow community members to channel their aggressive impulses. Psychological Responses There are a number of psychological programs which have been designed to provide therapeutic ass
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Approximate Word count = 2634
Approximate Pages = 11 (250 words per page)