The Communicable Disease Center (CDC)
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The Communicable Disease Center (CDC) open its offices in Atlanta as part of the U.S. Public Health Service (PHS) in 1946, with a mission to work with state and local health officials to fight against malaria (CDC, 2002). In 1947 it bought the land on which its headquarters stand today. In 1951, the Epidemic Intelligence Service was established to respond to a wide range of health emergencies worldwide. The same year, the CDC began its national disease surveillance system. 1955 saw the establishment of its Polio Surveillance Unit and assumed control for this disease from the PHS. 1961 saw the fist issue of the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), publishing important data on deaths and certain diseases from every state every week. AIDS was first reported in MMWR in 1981. In 1970, the Communicable Disease Center was renamed the Center for Disease Control to reflect its broader mission in disease prevention (CDC, 2002). The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) became part of the CDC in 1973. The CDC was called on to investigate the outbreak of LegionnaireÆs disease in Philadelphia in 1976, and in 1977, saw the last case of endemic smallpox in Somalia. The CDC opened an expanded maximum-containment laboratory in 1978 to handle dangerous viruses. The last case of wild polio virus in the United States was reported by the CDC in 1979. In 1980 the agency was again renamed, to the Centers for Disease Control to reflect a change in its
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ic Disease Prevention and Health; National Center for Environmental Health; National Center for Health Statistics; National Center for HIV/AIDS, STD, and TB Prevention; National Center for Infectious Diseases; National Center for Injury Prevention and Control; National Immunization Program; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; Epidemiology Program Office; Public Health Practice Program Office; and the Office of the Director (CDC, 2004).
On January 23, 2004, President Bush signed the fiscal year 2004 Consolidated Appropriations bill from which the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention will receive a total funding level of $7.1 billion (CDC, 2004). The Building and Facilities division received $260 million to continue construction and modernization of CDC facilities. The Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities division received $113 million; the Chronic Disease Prevention and Health promotion division received $853 million; the Environmental Health division received $183 million; the Epidemic Services and Response division received $92 million; the Health Statistics Division received $128 million; HIV/AIDS, STD and TB Prevention received $1.3 billion; the Immunization Program received $643 million; I
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Approximate Word count = 1989
Approximate Pages = 8 (250 words per page)
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