KHRUSHCHEV'S REFORMS
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This research paper discusses and analyzes the reforms initiated and carried out by Nikita Khrushchev (b.1894-d.1971) as leader of the Soviet Union. In a number of areas Khrushchev attempted to improve the performance of the Soviet state and its economy and to remove or ameliorate many of the worst features of the Soviet system under his predecessor, Joseph Stalin. His most lasting reforms were political. He and his colleagues in the collective leadership of the Soviet Union (after a rocky beginning) worked out a system for an orderly and peaceful transfer of power after the bloodbaths and purges of the Stalinist era. However, Khrushchev's efforts to deStalinize the Soviet Union's internal workings did little to curb the arbitrary and repressive nature of the Leviathan state created by his predecessors or render it more responsive to the needs of the Soviet people. The cultural thaw which occurred under his aegis had a partially liberating effect on the intelligentsia; but it was carried out in an inconsistent and ultimately counterproductive manner. Unintended consequences of Khrushchev's efforts to deStalinize the Soviet Union were the loosening of its control over Eastern Europe and growing tensions with its Chinese ally. Khrushchev undertook only half-hearted efforts to decentralize and make more efficient the Soviet command and control economy, which by the end of his term in office began showing signs of deteriorating. Khrushchev gave very high
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ram which he regarded as counterrevolutionary. Despite the substantial military and economic aid extended by the Russians to the Peoples' Republic of China in the early 1950s, Mao regarded the Soviets' 1958 request for submarine bases in China as an affront to Chinese nationalist sensibilities. Mao used the Quemoy and Matsu offshore island crisis of 1958 to torpedo Khrushchev's attempt to improve relations with the United States. Khrushchev was alarmed at what he regarded as Mao's casual acceptance of nuclear war as an inevitability which China with its huge population could absorb.
Administrative Reforms
According to Marxist theory, the state was expected to wither away at some time in the distant future; however, in the interim its affairs were to be managed by the dictatorship of the proletariat which under V. I. Lenin meant under the tutelage of the Party and came to mean under Stalin in accordance with the whims of the vozhd or boss, the dictator himself. Khrushchev had suffered from Stalin's interference and cruelties. He had thrived away from Moscow during his long stint as Party Secretary in the Ukraine in the late 1930s and as a political commissar on the Ukrainian, Stalingrad and other fronts during World War II. Af
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Approximate Word count = 3726
Approximate Pages = 15 (250 words per page)
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