Independent Film Production
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Independent film production is an important part of the overall American film industry today, though independent production has had its ups and downs and has faced a number of crises in recent years with the effects of the recession and other economic forces that have made it difficult for many companies to survive. There are several definitions of independent film production, though generally all have one thing in common--independent producers do their work outside the American studio production system in some degree. This does not mean that they are completely unconnected to the major studios, for many independent companies receive funding through the studios (Tristar was founded jointly by Columbia Pictures and HBO, for instance) or have distribution agreements with the studios for the release of product (United Artists had a distribution agreement with a number of studios over its history but was independent in that it was not tied to a studio and had no studio of its own). Some independent companies have become major producers and suppliers (Dido de Laurentiis, Path? Films, New World Pictures, Carolco). There have always been independent companies. In the silent era, filmmaking was much less costly, so start-ups were relatively easy, though finding distribution could be more difficult. The major studios indeed developed because they could provide all three of the necessary services in-house--production, distribution, and exhibition. The fact that the major studi
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on to $10 million, compared with the average for a studio production of $27 million. The company has benefited from a new business that has aided most independent producers greatly--video, which serves as an alternative and additional market for both old and new film product. This can give independents a needed infusion of cash. In the case of New Line Cinema, the company received a $40 million advance from RCA/Columbia Pictures for the launching of its video unit. New Line used this money to pay off its debt and so became one of the few film companies not to have a debt. The company has continued to maintain its low-budget policy. The company's initial financial success derived from the Nightmare on Elm Street movies. By watching costs, the studio has not failed in 20 years to turn a profit (Grover 52-53).
This company was one of many participating in a revival of
The marketing, distribution, and promotion of films has changed in the last decade as the result of changes in ancillary markets, notably the continuing development of sales to cable and other television outlets and the growth of the home video industry both as a rental market and as a sales market. In addition, there have been changes in the structure of exh
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Some common words found in the essay are:
Elm Street, Film Corporation, Orion Carolco, , Pictures Carolco, Pulp Fiction, Pink Flamingoes, RCA/Columbia Pictures, Line Cinema, Goldwyn Hollywood, independent film, independent companies, major studios, independent film production, film companies, independent films, independent producers, film production, theater chains, horror films, 1930s 1940s,
Approximate Word count = 1607
Approximate Pages = 6 (250 words per page)
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