The Welfare State The level of success or failu

The welfare state had its beginnings in the mature stage of the industrial revolution. This stage was marked by conglomeration on the part of industrialists and the development of labor unions. In Europe, there was a tradition of collaboration between labor unions and parliamentary systems in trying to form a more comprehensive version of the industrial state, one that took into account the development of human resources. The economic disasters of the 1920's and 1930's instilled a desire in leaders of both the left and the right in Western Europe and in the United States to implement Keynesian economics as a way of smoothing out the fluctuations of the business cycle. This provided the rationale for the welfare state.

In the United States, implementation took three forms: judicial decisions, executive orders and legislative acts. Some major tenets of the welfare state were developed by Pres. Joh

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include members of the middle class. The Comprehensive Employment and Training Act of 1973 (CETA) passed during the Nixon administration. The Act combined many previous laws into one. Cities and counties with more than 100,000 people could become local prime sponsors of programs. The state government was the sponsor when local sponsors could not run their own programs. The middle class enjoyed benefits such as student grants and loans and other aid for higher education. Right before its renewal in 1978, CETA received lots of press coverage for abuse, mismanagement and even fraud in some programs by a few prime sponsors. The middle class had grown resentful of the welfare process in general. This bad publicity, along with Congress' willingness to reduce taxes and spending, created a hostile climate for the debate on welfare. The stage was set for a policy change. Notwithstanding the efforts to stem the growth of federal programs, the inertia had already been established. Government programs and legislation passed in Reagan's administration showed that most of the programs inherited by the Reagan administration were still in place and that funding levels, while lower in places, were similar to those of the Carter ad
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Some common words found in the essay are:
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Approximate Word count = 1766
Approximate Pages = 7 (250 words per page)