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Services for the Blind

There exists numerous definitions for the phenomenon blindness, not all of which contain the same elements or degrees of severity. For example, the American Medical Association (Renston, 1988, p. 44) defines blindness as:

... a person shall be considered blind whose central visual acuity does not exceed 20/200 in the better eye with correcting lenses or whose visual acuity, if better than 20/200, has a limit to the central field of vision to such a degree that its widest diameter subtends an angle of no greater than 20 degrees.

In contrast, Hoover and Bledsoe (Stolov & Clowers, 1981, p. 377) report that the term blindness refers to " ... anatomic and functional disturbances of the sense of vision of sufficient magnitude to cause total loss of light perception." The term visual impairment is defined by the American Medical Association (Renston, 1988, p. 46) as " ... any deviation from the generally accepted norm which affects (a) central visual function; (b) peripheral visual function; (c) binocular visual function; or (d) color perception. The deviation may be anatomic or functional, partial or total, and temporary, reversible, progressive, or permanent." There are also numerous definitions for the term legally blind (Braille Institute, 1988; Renston, 1988; White & Schllosinger, 1988). As per the Braille Institute (1988, p. 11), the term "legally blind" is defined as: " ... even with maximum correction the person has no more than 10% of normal vision in the better eye, or a field vision no greater than 20 degrees."

There are several laws that apply to the work-force in general, including those that specifically address the blind and/or visually impaired individual (Johnson, 1989). Relative to the work-place, there is the 1964 Civil Rights Amendment, specifically Title VII, that addresses the rights of virtually all workers, including the disabled. In addition, Section 503 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 is applicabl...

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Services for the Blind. (1969, December 31). In LotsofEssays.com. Retrieved 04:23, March 28, 2024, from https://www.lotsofessays.com/viewpaper/1702849.html