West Coast Hotel v. Parrish

West Coast Hotel v. Parrish was important for several reasons. First, it truncated by rendering superfluous Franklin Delano Roosevelt's attempt to "pack" the Supreme Court with justices who, as he thought, would be more congenial to his radical restructuring of the federal government under the New Deal. Second, and related to the first reason, it marked a discernible political shift on the Court itself, from one that, where the swing vote on majority opinions were concerned, was programmatically hostile to the legal theoretical underpinnings of the New Deal, to one that exhibited much legal and Constitutional tolerance toward the overt federal sponsorship of welfare, opportunity, and caretaker programs that had in earlier periods of American history been sponsored by the private sector. Third, and perhaps more important for the long term, it declared new policy in the realm of government jurisdiction over certain salient aspects of private-sector activity.

On its face, West Coast Hotel v. Parrish was a minimum-wage case. At the time the case began, the guarantee of a minimum

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review attitude that basically made it impossible for the executive and legislative branches to govern in a way that would deliberately seek to alter the economic, social, and political status quo. Leuchtenburg explains this environment in terms of a confrontation between executive and judicial branches of government. Roosevelt's Second Inaugural Address on January 20, 1937, indicated he was ready for a more radical turn. "I see onethird of a nation ill-housed, ill-clad, ill-nourished," the President declared. For the next two weeks, the country waited to see what specific legislation the President would demand to improve the lot of this "one-third of a nation." When Roosevelt did act, he caught the country by surprise. In a message which electrified the nation, he asked not for new social legislation but for reform of the Supreme Court. In the spring of 1936, the Court, which had already wiped out the NRA and the AAA, had gone out of its way to find the Guffey Coal Conservation Act unconstitutional. A month later, in the Morehead Case, the Court shocked even conservatives by ruling, once more by a 5-4 vote, that a New York state minimum wage law was invalid. In the field of labor relations, the Court seemed to have cre
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Approximate Word count = 3409
Approximate Pages = 14 (250 words per page)

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