Desktop Publishing Desktop publishing refers to

In the early 1970's, Xerox developed the Alto, a prototype computer workstation that could edit and format text and produce illustrations. This was the beginning of what came to be known as desktop publishing. The major breakthrough in desktop publishing came with the release of the Macintosh computer by Apple in 1984. With the appropriate software and a laser printer, the Macintosh could produce camera-ready copy, including graphics, or produce text ready for direct input to professional typesetting machinery (Gabriel, 1989, pp. 116-17). Desktop publishing has grown rapidly since then. There are desktop publishing systems available for use with most computers, and the capabilities of these systems are continually expanding.

Desktop publishing programs (which are more accurately called page-layout programs) are really enhanced word-processors. Basic word-processing includes the ability to input text and easily edit that text. Blocks

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ages, supplied on computer disk. The artwork can be used as is, altered by a graphics program, or integrated into other artwork. Clip art can be particularly useful with time and budget restrictions (Rabb, 1991, pp. 78, 82). Page-layout programs can create color documents in several ways. The document can be printed on a color printer. The program can output spot-color overlays. Spot-color overlays can be laser printed on paper and then photographed to make plates or printed directly to film with a laser imagesetter. Full-color separations can also be made. These are usually printed directly to film with a laser imagesetter (Ores, 1991, pp. 41-2). There are several problems in working with color in desktop publishing. Color separations in desktop publishing are not yet an exact science. Computer programmers have developed various methods to compensate for the "contamination" of printing inks; therefore, some programs produce higher quality color separations than others (Guttman, 1991, p. 40). Color laser printers also differ from one another in the way color is reproduced. Color laser printouts are often used as proofs before a color separation is made. These proofs can often be misleading. Computer monitors can ad
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