Account of Engineered Famine in the Ukraine
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Among the crimes attributed to Josef Stalin is a deliberatelyengineered famine in the Ukraine in the years 193233, in the course of which several million people may have died. Miron Dolot's Execution by Hunger is an eyewitness accounts of events in one Ukrainian village during the forcedcollectivization campaign which began in 1930 and culminated in the famine.1 As such, it is a primary source on the events in the Ukraine during that period, and therefore a uniquely valuable source of information on events that, while widely acknowledged to have happened in some form, are known in little detail. At the same time, Dolot's account provides an example of some of the difficulties which the use and interpretation of primary sources poses for the historian. The principal difficulties are two: the scope of the author's observations, and his interpretation of them. With respect to the first of these difficulties, Dolot was, so far as we can judge from his own account, an ordinary ordinary village youth, and his account is thus necessarily a "worm'seye" view of the events he recounts. He saw and records what happened in his village, sometimes what happened in nearby villages and towns, and hearsay accounts of events elsewhere which were reported to him. He had no access to other information or perspectives, and thus we are denied any broader context for these events, save in the introduction this context, not being obtained at first hand, does not shar
. . .
most a (sympathetic) caricature of peasants. Already, when Party officials first appeared in the village, we were shown them being made fools of by the villagers for their ignorance of the most basic facts of rural life; the new Party chief of the village is pictured as being defecated on by a mare, and as not knowing the difference between a colt and a calf (p. 6). In another early encounter, villagers disrupt a compulsory meeting by insisting on bathroom breaks (pp. 2021).
Nevertheless, the Party officials quickly impose their power, using what Dolot characterizes as a "cut your own throat" system of administration, in which the farmers were effectively compelled to carry out state policy against themselves (p. 9). Some of the first farmers to yield to the demand for collectivization were rewarded by official positions.
In one night, Comrade Zeitlin [the one who didn't know
a colt from a calf] collectivized almost twenty
percent of our villagers, and also turned some of
those farmerfunctionaries into ferocious executors
of the Party policy in the village. Having lost their
own farms, they could only cling to what they had left,
their official position, and so they exerc
. . .
Some common words found in the essay are:
Hannah Arendt, Execution Hunger, Nazism Nazi, Malcolm Muggeridge, Russians Cyrillic, Ukrainian Republic, Comrade Zeitlin, Soviet Union, Soviet Communism, Casting American, dolot's account, party officials, ukrainian famine, colt calf, events recounts, forcedcollectivization campaign, primary source, execution hunger, forced collectivization, course events, forced collectivization program, course forced collectivization, didn't colt calf,
Approximate Word count = 2803
Approximate Pages = 11 (250 words per page)
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