History & Conflicts of the Caucasus

In the first half of the 19th century, the Caucasian war of Chechen liberation against the colonial troops virtually never ended (Yevsyukova). During the Civil War (1918-1920), most Chechens supported the Bolsheviks. In 1922, Chechen and Ingush areas were detached from the Gorskaya ASSR to form Oblasts, created with others to prevent the Caucasians from consolidation. In 1936, in an attempt to eliminate anti-Soviet elements, 10,000 Chechens and Ingushes were arrested, including virtually all their leaders. At the same time, the Provisional People's Revolutionary Government of Chechno-Ingushetia was proclaimed.

During the 1941-1945 war, the Chechnya rebel movement in the mountains revived, and they offered to welcome the Germans if they granted them full independence. This never happened, and afterwards, Stalin's government accused the Chechens and Ingushes of treachery and organized their mass expulsion to Kazakhst

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ia also considered that Chechnya harbored the cornerstone of the Russian mafia, and was the center of arms and drug smuggling, so needed to be suppressed. After the first war was over, the Russian government, for political, economic and social reasons, effectively stopped the rebuilding of Chechnya and preparing the ground work for economic peace to prosper there (Krehl). Some attempts were made, like the agreement to transport oil from the Caspian through Chechnya, but neither side rushed to implement the program. Business and politics were both so riddled with corruption and rival criminal gangs, and anarchy was raising its ugly head. Moscow had been ignoring the extortion, the hostage taking, and the trade in arms, drugs and human beings. The Chechnyan government was powerless against the terrorist groups who placed no value on human lives unless they could be held for ransom. Terrorist acts were committed in Moscow, and Russia retaliated. Those in the Duma who had opposed the first war were surprisingly ready to enter the second war. This could all have been prevented with some action on the part of the Russian government (Krehl). In 1998, representatives of the Maskhadov government had gone to Brussels to try an
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Approximate Word count = 4755
Approximate Pages = 19 (250 words per page)

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