Five Critiques in Area of Psychology

Citation: Enns, C.Z. (1992). Self-esteem groups: A synthesis of consciousness raising and assertiveness training. Journal of Counseling and Development, 71, 7-12.

Enns' article consists of a review of the consciousness-raising/assertiveness training and self-esteem literature for the purpose of examining how women's support groups have changed over the last thirty years, and for showing that the groups of the 1990s can be used toward both psychological and sociopolitical objectives. Given that the publication is a simple review of the literature, the validity of the points made (and hence the article's overall significance) can be considered to be only as strong as Enns' supporting documentation for her claims. Accordingly, this critique examines and discusses the degree to which Enns supports her claim with documentation (citations of theory and research).

Enns' begins her examination of the literature by noting that over the las thirty some years, women's groups have changed; there is ample documentation supportive of this view. She then goes on to state that while the early consciousness raising groups were strongly sociopolitical they were nonetheless bipartisan. There is no documentation supporting this point beyond a study showing that by 1973, over 100,000 women belonged to CR groups. Thus, these groups may well have attracted a lot of women but these could well have been women with a certain common sociopolitical bent.

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trained facilitators. In addition, both the practical and psychological dynamics of such groups are reviewed, e.g. how to welcome newcomers, how to handle fluctuations in group attendance, the kind of therapeutic efforts needed by those living with HIV/AIDS, etc. Also, the article does not stop at a simple description of what was done in Keene. It then abstracts certain principles for starting up such groups in rural communities, thereby providing good general guidelines, e.g. start small, meet in a low-visibility location, do not charge fees for participating, etc. CRITIQUE #3 Citation: Livneh, H. & Sherwood-Hawes, A. (1993). Group counseling approaches with persons who have sustained myocardial infarction. Journal of Counseling and Development, 72, 57-61. This extremely comprehensive article discusses several matters relevant to providing group counseling to patients who have suffered myocardial infarction (MI). This discussion includes review of both the needs and the psychological problems of people following MI, as well as the goals and objectives associated with counseling this population; the general comprehensiveness of the article can be seen in the fact that the delineation of counseling goals breaks them dow

Category: Psychology - F