Communist Party of Yugoslavia INTRODUCTION This research examines the

In contemporary Yugoslavia, the official name of the Communist Party is Savez Komunista, or League of Communists (Singleton, 1976). This name was not adopted, however, until 1952 (Bicanic, 1966). During the time period covered by this examination, the organization was named the Communist Party of Yugoslavia (Tornquist, 1966).

THE FIRST STIRRINGS OF COMMUNISM IN YUGOSLAVIA

In the aftermath of the Russian Revolution, Marxist agitation was rife throughout many parts of the world. It was, however, strongest in Europe, especially so in the Baltic states of the northeast, and the Balkan states of the southeast (Hyams, 1973). In Yugoslavia, communists were not strong in 1918 and 1919, but the dissension between socialists and the ruling monarchists was high (Pavlowitch, 1971). This breach opened the political door for the communists and other leftist groups

1 2(Maclean, 1957). The Serbian Social Democrats refused to cooperate with the rightwing parties in the establishment of a Yugoslav parliament, and took the lead in unifying socialist groups (Pavolwitch, 1971).

By June 1919, a Socialist Workers Par

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actionalism from the Communist Party, which, almost alone among Yugoslav political parties, was able to speak with a unified voice. With its unified voice, the Yugoslav Communist Party spoke out against both the fascism of Hitler and Mussolini, and the western democracies, which they contended were exploiting the working classes (Maclean, 1957). The shortlived alliance between Hitler and Stalin caused the Yugoslav communists some problems within the context of public support; however, it also provided them with additional strength to build their national power. By continuing to oppose fascism in the face of the HitlerStalin pact, they were able to demonstrate that they were independent communists, who placed Yugoslav interests ahead of Soviet interests (Dedijer, 1946). The toadying rightwing, monarchist government in Yugoslavia rapidly lost support because of its alliance with the fascists. Its inability to maintain control eventually resulted in the occupation of the country by the Germans and Italians. 6 The Communist Party gained strongest credentials as a national movement from its organization of the Partisan and insurgent movements against the German and Italian military forces occupying the country (Djilas, 1962
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