MANAGEMENT & ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR This res

This research describes a system of motivation used by the patrol division of a metropolitan police department. Further, this research assesses the effectiveness of this system of motivation with respect to two different organizational levels within the patrol division.

The basic system of motivation applied in the patrol division is behaviorallybased. Essentially, the system is an amalgamation of the principles espoused by Abraham Maslow, Frederick Herzberg, and B. F. Skinner with respect to motivation within organizational settings.

The motivation theories of Maslow, Herzberg, and Skinner are, essentially, drive theories. In this context, the theories, are directly related to the process of learning (Maslow, 1966, p. 13). Learning, in this context, is the process by which an individual is able to change her or his behavior in some constructive manner (Skinner, 1953, pp. 5961).

Maslow's motivation theory was his hierarchy of needs (Maslow, 1954, pp. 97101). The hierarchy divides human needs into higher and lower orders. The lower order needs are primary, such as food, shelter, sex, and physical security, while the higher order needs involve love for other and selfactualization. When the lower order needs are absent in the life of an individual, the satisfaction of those needs become the center of the individual's life. In most modern

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are (1) a patrol officer, and (2) a patrol division section commander. With respect to the positive reinforcement aspects (based on the theories of Herzberg and Maslow) of the system of motivation within the patrol divisionorganizational support services for officers and their families, compensation, professional development, safety, and so forth, the system is essentially effective for both the patrol officer and the patrol section commander. Further, there is little difference in the level of effectiveness for the two organizational levels. The system of motivation within the patrol division also contains a facet of negative reinforcement based on the theory of Skinner. The patrol division has included among its performance standards a goal of minimizing complaints against the division related to racial or ethnic harassment or racial or ethnic insensitivity on the part of either the division at policy level or of individual officers at any operations level. While the standard relating to such complaints has not been formally quantified with respect to the performance of individual officers, it is known that the division seeks a zero complaint level. It is also known at performance ratings are adversely affected for patro
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Approximate Word count = 2838
Approximate Pages = 11 (250 words per page)

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