Environmental & Organizational Turbulence INTRODUCTION Background While the

Being required to manage an organization during a period of dynamic environmental and organizational activity is a difficult proposition at best. The task of the manager is made more difficult, however, when environmental and organizational turbulence are accompanied by the introduction of a spate of new approaches to the practice of management, almost all of which promise to be a panacea (Knotts, 1992, pp. 4446). In such a situation, it is difficult for a manager to know what road should be taken. This study examined the practice of management under such conditions.

The purpose of this study was to assess the adequacy of one of the most promoted contemporary approaches to managementTotal Quality Management (TQM) as an effective managerial concept for application during periods of environmental and organizational turbulence. This assessment was intended to provide organizational managers with an understanding of how TQM may be applied to assure

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er retention, and, in the 1990s, greater product quality is the best way to build consumer satisfaction levels. Improved quality costs money in the shortrun. In the longrun, however, improving quality generates greater profitability. Poor quality means poor sales in the longrun. Therefore, expenditures on quality control may not be looked at as some sort of addon cost. Rather, they must be considered as integral production costswhether the product being produced is a good or a service. Return on investment has been found to be more a function of product quality than of price, regardless of the type of activity manufacturing, service, construction, and so forth (Miller and Camp, 1985, p. 88). Data pertaining to these relationships are presented in Table 1, which may be found on the following page. Quality control refers "to a system . . ., by which assurance is sought that the output produced conforms to specific parameters that define product or service quality" (Lester, Enrick, and Mottley, 1991, p. 1). An effective quality control program enhances the ability of an organization to both reduce costs and improve productivity. As a consequence, effective quality control has a positive impact on an organization
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Approximate Word count = 9886
Approximate Pages = 40 (250 words per page)