Organizing & Labor Law

In the United States, labor law is, essentially, a federal matter, and the government arbiter between management and labor is the National labor Relations Board (NLRB). One result of this approach is a uniform application across the country of rules governing labormanagement relations. The states are able to exercise little original jurisdiction in labormanagement relations (the most notable example of state jurisdiction are the socalled right to work laws, which effectively outlaw the closed shop in some states.

Labor unions gain the right to represent workers employed by specific firms through the process of certification. Certification is the formal declaration by a government labor relations board that a specific labor union is the recognized bargaining agent for a specific group of workers at a specific employing firm. This formal certification is typically made following the conduct of a certification election, which is supervised by the appropriate labor relations board.

Labor union membership in the United States has been on the decline for the better part of three decades, with unio

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e developing "high tech" industries, however, was gaining strength, although, as more traditional managements replaced the creative entrepreneurial managements in these industries, the concept of workers' control came under increasing attack by management. The structure of industrial governance erected by federal government administrations from the 1930s through the 1960s was no longer adequate to the task by the beginning of the 1980s. Productivity in the American economy had begun to flag. Management, unions, and government pointed fingers at one another, and each of the three groups, even the unions at times, pointed fingers at the workers. Collective Bargaining and Arbitration Concepts of management rights, workers rights, workers control, and so forth characterized labormanagement negotiating strategies in the United States through the 1980s, and, in some instances, continue to characterize such strategies. The contention in the 1990s is, however, that a new approach to labormanagement negotiations is required for both labor and management negotiators. In the conduct of labormanagement negotiations, the impact on wage levels is no longer the major objection of most managers to labor unions. The central objectio
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Approximate Word count = 2624
Approximate Pages = 10 (250 words per page)

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