Several Aspects of Education

Attitude formation is a matter of involuntary and voluntary responses to stimuli. In this regard, internal factors such as certain personality factors ( e.g., one's closed or open-mindedness and the extent to which one is an authoritarian personality), emotional states (e.g., pain or fear or joy) and perceptions of others' attitudes (e.g., attitudes of one's reference groups like church, peer, and co-worker groups) are all part of the internal response or evaluation that makes for attitude formation. Also, a part of this response are external stimuli such as how parents or significant others respond to certain attitudes (e.g., did parents punish person as a child for holding certain attitudes). Also, the

customs, mores, codes, and morals of one's sociocultural setting can also influence the formation of attitudes with behaviors that reward or punish certain attitudes.

2. Define motivation. Is it internal or external? How can it be evaluated?

There is no consensus as to a definition of motivation as definitional components and aspects can be different depending upon the theoretical approach (e.g. humanistic, behavioristic, etc.) I feel that motivation or motives are internal and consist of a complex set of psychological processes that direct people toward specific end points or goals. Because motivation is internal, it can only be evaluated via indirect assessment such as standardized, sel

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ity or mood hit us, we didn't have any contraceptives" or "I thought I would not get pregnant." Although these specific statements were not addressed in the dissertation, the processes that give rise to such statements were. For example, the statement, "I thought I would not get pregnant" can be attributed to teens' general ignorance of the reproductive process. As stated in the Literature Review, ignorance of the process of human reproduction such as the fact that one is at risk of pregnancy every time one has sexual intercourse is simply not known by teens. Another factor that can explain this statement is, as mentioned in the Literature Review, the fact that teens hold mythical and unrealistic notions about sexual activity believing that if they don't "feel like they are going to get pregnant", then they won't get pregnant. Regarding the idea of not having contraceptives, many teens feel that preparing for sex is "sinful" or , in some manner "bad" or "wrong". They feel that if they don't prepare and it just 4. "happens", then their perceived guilt is lessened. In addition, teens often feel that pulling out and using contraceptives can spoil the mood or the s
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