e the ideological basis for the continued rule of China by the Chinese Communist party (Gittings and Whitfort 15). The four principles are:
1) Leadership of the Communist Party
2) Following the guidance of Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought
3) Adherence to the People's Democratic Dictatorship (those who support socialism exercising dictatorship over those who oppose it)
4) Following the Socialist Road (15).
Zhang Youyu, who helped draft the 1982 Constitution, believes the Preamble has a different legal status than the main body of the constitution because it is a declaration of general goals rather than a set of provisions with binding effects. Other Chinese scholars disagree, believing the Preamble is part of the constitution, and as
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