Wechsler Intelligence Scale

INTELLIGENCE SCALE FOR CHILDREN-REVISED (WISC-R)

According to Zimmermann and Woo-Sam (1994), the WISC-R is used in literally thousands of educational settings (as well as clinical settings) every year to determine the intelligence levels of students; in other words, the WISC-R is clearly an instrument comprising a large scale testing program across both clinical and educational settings. The instrument was designed---like all of the Wechsler Scales---to measure intelligence defined as,

the aggregate or global capacity of the individual to think rationally and deal effectively with the environment (Wechsler, 1944, p.3).

The definition of intelligence also includes a number of non-cognitive skills such as zest, impulse control and goal awareness (Wechsler, 1974).

The WISC-R consists of 12 subtests, although only ten are regularly administered. The subtests are grouped into two major divisions: Verbal Scales (e.g. math, vocabulary, comprehension etc.); and Performance Scales (e.g.

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