International Criminal Court
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The United States has refused to ratify the Rome Treaty which establishes the International Court of Justice. The Court came into being on July 1, 2002, after 50 years of hard work by the United Nations (United, 2006). It is a legacy of the Nuremberg Trials after World War II which tried the Nazi officials, which were the first trials ever sponsored by multiple states. It was the United States who proposed holding the officials responsible for the crimes they committed during the war, and persuaded Britain and Russia to join them in the prosecutions. Despite efforts by the UN after World War II to create a permanent international criminal court, the Cold War prevented states from coming together to do so. However, the creation of temporary international criminal tribunals following the wars in Yugoslavia and Rwanda showed the world that an international criminal court could work and bring to justice those guilty of atrocities in times of war. Support grew for an International Criminal Court and an international criminal court treaty was drafted, which was completed and adopted in Rome in 1997 (United, 2006). By May of 2005, 99 countries had ratified the treaty and 139 nations had signed it, including Canada and the European Union. In 2003 the first 18 judges, all coming from allies of the US, were selected and were sworn in March of 2003 and a Court President elected. The first prosecutor, from Argentina, was sworn in later that year.
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Approximate Word count = 1074
Approximate Pages = 4 (250 words per page)
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