Kruskal Wallis Test
were nominal in character.
The KruskalWallis T
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The KruskalWallis Test was used in the testing of hypotheses wherein the data were ordinal in character and where independent samples of more than two populations were involved (Summers, Peters, and Armstrong, 1993, p. 540). The Kruskal Wallis Test is a generalized version of the MannWhitney U Test (Emory, 1992, p. 441). Statistical significance for these tests was established at p<.05. The following hypotheses were tested through the application of the KruskalWallis Test: 1. Hypothesis number 2.1 wherein the data for the dependent variable were the responses to questionnaire item number 10. These data were at least ordinal in character and possessed some characteristics of intervel scale measurement. Six independent samples were involved in this hypothesis. 2. Hypothesis number 3.1 wherein the data for the dependent variable were the responses to questionnaire item number 13. These data were at least ordinal in character and possessed some characteristics of interval scale measurement. Six independent samples were involved in this hypothesis. 3. Hypothesis number 4.1 wherein the data for the dependent variable were the responses to questionnaire items number 18, 19, 23, and 26. The data reflected in the responses to questionnaire items number 18 and 19 were ordinal in character, while the data reflected in the responses to questionnaire items number 23 and 26 were ordinal with origin in
. . .
and 56 (45.5 percent)
were aware of HCT. Five hypotheses were tested in relation to
this research question to assess the effects on this awareness of
position classification, age, gender, status, and longevity with
the military healthcare system. The results of this hypothesis
testing are presented in the following discussions.
Position Classification
Awareness of the three quality management concepts in
relation to the six position classifications is summarized in
Table 4.1, which may be found on the following page. As the data
presented in Table 4.1 indicate, variations in the awareness
of quality management concepts as a function of respondent
position classification were not statistically significant at
p<.05. As the null could not be rejected, hypothesis 1.1 by
inferences was accepted.
Respondent Age
Awareness of the three quality management concepts in
relation to respondent age is summarized in Table 4.2, which may
be found on a following page. As the data presented in Table 4.2
indicate, variations in the awareness of quality management
concepts as a function of respondent age were not statistically
significant at p<.0
. . .
Some common words found in the essay are:
KruskalWallis Test, Test Emory, Wallis Test, Peters Armstrong,
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