Analysis of a Drug Study

Gapstur, Morrow, and Sellers (1999) reported results of the Iowa Women's Health Study.

1. The data from this study presents the finding that exposure to HRT was found to be associated most with an increase in risk of invasive breast cancer. This study determined associations between HRT and risk of ductal carcinoma in situ, invasive carcinoma with favorable histology, and invasive ductal or lobular carcinoma.

2. For this study the number of breast cancer cases was 1520, in a cohort of 37105 at risk women ages 55 to 69 years. These women were studied continuously for 11 years. These findings are representative of those diagnosed with the most common form of cancer in women in the United States, breast cancer.

3. The title reflects the study and the data findings. The title states that hormone replacement therapy and breast cancer risk were studied; the findings demonstrated that hormone replacement therapy and breast cancer were linked, which was shown in the Iowa Women's Health Study.

4. This information may be consistent with what is being done in clinical practice. The authors remained inconclusive. They pointed out that the positive effects of hormone replacement therapy have been shown regarding the reduction of menopausal symptoms and risk of osteoporosis and coronary heart disease. They stated that although risk of cancer has been understood and causes many women to avoid taking estrogens, the information remains controversial and d

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rical study of this extract. In a randomized controlled trial comparing efficacy and tolerability of St. John's wort with imipramine in depressed patients, results showed that the Hypericum perforatum extract used was equivalent to imipramine for treatment of depression and patients tolerated the herb better. This study concluded that St. John's wort is therapeutically equivalent to imipramine and this is consistent with other studies which have reported it to be equivalent to standard antidepressants for mile to moderate depression. The herb was well tolerated as assessed by patient self-reports, which was consistent with previous study findings that the herb has few adverse effects. The most common side effect was dry mouth (8%). This side effect was compared to the side effects experienced by the imipramine group which included dry mouth, sweating, dizziness, nausea, asthenia, and headaches. No drug interactions were observed. Other reports are that St. John's wort may interact with concomitant ciclosporin, digoxin, indinavir, and theophylline. This information is helpful for the patient considering alternative therapies for prevention of depression; St. John's wort offers a safe and effective form of treatment. Saw p

Category: Medical - A