Outreach and Community Health Services

This Project Demonstrating Excellence will be a combination of a qualitative and quantitative study that will investigate the feasibility of developing an effective outreach service to identify health needs and provide needed health services to a population of at-risk, poor, and/or underemployed people residing in an urban area in the eastern United States through a community health services program. This learner's interest in this issue is long-standing, and predates this learner's academic pursuits which also have focused on the needs of urban populations with special needs.

The challenges faced by urban communities are so complex that innovative ways must be developed to address the problems. The health-related problems confronting at-risk, poor, and/or underemployed (indigent) people in urban communities do not exist in isolation (Cox, 2003; Granello & Hanna, 2003). Therefore, and effective community health services program will deal with the problems as a unified whole, as opposed to making an effort to deal with each problem type separately.

The practice of health promotion takes place within a culture. This culture is the pattern of individual attitudes and orientations among the members of the health-promotion program staff, the target population, and the larger so

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cial capacity, the scarcity of employer-paid health insurance among small businesses, cultural differences based in social psychology, and other factors act as impediments to health care access for low-income individuals and households among visible minority population groups in the contemporary United States. Similarly, programs must be sensitive to the aging poor (Fleury, Sedikides, & Donovan, 2002). Funding the delivery of health care services for the indigent is an issue of concern to all because the delivered services are eventually paid for by someone (Cockerham, 2002). In some cases, state and federal welfare programs eventually pay for some of the services. In many instances, not-for-profit hospitals ù particularly county and municipal hospitals ù absorb many of the costs. Lastly, third party funders ù health insurance companies and employers ù and individuals and families funding their own health care pay for some of the services delivered to the working poor through the process of cost-shifting by health care providers (Fantuzzo, McWayne, & Bulotsky, 2003). One of the most important issues concerning the elderly involves the population demographics in the United States.á The population demographics of the America
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Approximate Word count = 2249
Approximate Pages = 9 (250 words per page)

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