ANALYSIS OF A RESEARCH ARTICLE: ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT AND TIME CONCEPT OF THE LEARNER

a. The problem addressed in this journal is of significance to the nursing profession. The focus of the article is how cultural perceptions of time affect the learning process. Because African language speakers (on average) in South Africa tend to perceive time differently from speakers of Afrikaans and English, they tend to encounter learning problems that affect achievement outcomes. The nursing profession in South Africa now and especially in the future is and will be dependent on African language speakers for new entrants into the profession. Thus, the significance of this article to the nursing profession is associated with the impact of the perception of time by learners on nursing education. The study authors did not make this point clear, although they did note that the study was important to both the education and health professions.

b. This study is an example of basic research. The researchers were not attempting to apply prior research to the solution to a problem. Rather, they were attempting to define the problem confronting some learners and the effect of the problem in achievement.

a. The philosophical foundation of the research was the variation in the philosophical approach to the concept of time and the meaning of time. The researchers were especially concerned with the perception of time involving constraints and the perception of time that does not invo

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th respect to the population being studied, however, the problem statement refers only the "South African learners" (p. 4), without defining precisely who these learners are. b. The research variables are adequately defined in a later section of the article. The researchers explain how one's perception of time was measured, and the researchers explained the basis for dividing respondents into "high achievers" and "low achievers" (pp. 6-7). In each instance, the variables can be expressed quantitatively. c. There was no literature review per se in this article. Rather, literature was reviewed in both the "Introduction" section of the article (p. 4) and the "Theoretical Perspectives" section of the article (pp. 5-6). In each of these sections of the article, the literature reviewed related directly to the problem being investigated. d. The article included both primary and secondary research. An example of primary research cited in the article was Myburgh, Grobler, and Niehaus (1999), in which primary data were collected to evaluate predictions of academic achievement. An example of secondary research cited in the article was Grobler (1996). 5. a. The researchers formulated both null hypotheses and alternative hypotheses.

Category: Psychology - A