ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT OF THE KNEE JOINT

This research paper presents information regarding the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) of the knee joint. Discussion includes anatomy of the knee joint and the ACL, and ACL structure, physiology, function and biomechanics, clinical diagnostic tests and technological diagnosis, and mechanisms of injury and treatment. A comparison of acute ACL stability tests includes the anterior drawer test, Lachman's test, and pivot shift test.

The anatomy of the knee includes the patellar ligament, patella, articular cartilage, posterior cruciate ligament, anterior cruciate ligament, medial collateral ligament, lateral meniscus, medial meniscus, lateral collateral ligament, fibula, and tibia (25:616). Anatomic and structural differences are found between males and females. Female athletes have increased ligamentous laxity and flexibility compared to their male counterparts. Females tend to have increased femoral anteversion, less vastus medialis obliquus (VMO) development, and increased flexibility and differences in notch shape and width, compared to males. The female knee and ACL tend to be smaller than the male (11:290-291).

The ACL is a crucial ligament due to the crossed arrangement of the anterior and posterior ligaments within the knee. Its structure is an important contribution to the knee joint function. ACL is a band of regularly oriented, dense connective tissue which connects the fe

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acute injury. The Lachman is considered the best test for diagnosing the presence of an ACL disruption (25:619). Research shows that medical historical data, statistically analyzed, can produce a differential clinical diagnosis of an unknown knee joint problem with a significant degree of accuracy. Medical history responses from orthopedic patients with various knee problems are different enough to predict their diagnosis. In a study with 100 normal women (control group) and two groups chosen from 2,266 knee surgical procedures, group II consisted of women with a torn medial meniscus and group III contained women with a torn ACL. Medical history data was analyzed to determine questions that were the best predictors; when the top 142 predicting questions were used, diagnostic accuracy was 98 percent. The pathological groups were validated with diagnostic arthroscopy. Medical historical data is informative but should be further substantiated with physical examination to differentiate between the mechanical problems of a torn meniscus and the laxity of a torn ACL. The Lachman or pivot shift test are used for a torn ACL. Additional confirmation tests include magnetic resonance imaging or arthroscopic examination (13:709-713
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Some common words found in the essay are:
Absence ACL, AMB PLB, Partial ACL, Tests Diagnosis, ACL Additional, Physiology ACL, Treatments Female, Results MRI, PCLs Cruciate, Anatomy Structure, knee joint, net quadriceps, cruciate ligaments, cruciate ligament, pivot shift, femoral attachment, pivot shift test, tibial attachment, shift test, fiber bundles, knee flexion, net quadriceps moment, anterior cruciate ligament, vastus medialis obliquus, femoral attachment acl,
Approximate Word count = 7831
Approximate Pages = 31 (250 words per page)