RESIDENTIAL TREATMENT

Residential treatment centers exist world-wide with a purpose of treating people of all ages for a wide variety of problems. Programs evolved from orphanages, hospitalization, and incarceration alternatives; legislation and needs have shaped their development. Residential treatment facilities have specific goals and many receive their benefit; policy changes are needed to increase percentages of recipients. Funding, administration, and outcomes influence issues of debate for future regulation (Stein, 1995).

Mental health care accounts for a full ten percent of total national health care costs; it costs business over $400 per employee each year. Escalating mental health care costs requires the shift to community residence treatment care. Residential treatment is needed for mentally retarded persons, ex-offenders, substance abusers, children, adolescents, and mentally ill adults (Budson, 1994; Stein, 1995; Wahl, 1993).

Currently there is a movement to change treatment of the severely mentally ill from hospitals to the community, in group home settings. It has been found that long years of continuous hospitalization is damaging to patients and treatment needs to be in a less restrictive, community-based treatment setting. The cost of hospital care is extensive; it is expected that community-based alternatives are more economical (Wahl, 1993).

The reality of community-based treatment has not resulte

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; a multidisciplinary staff includes a psychiatrist, psychiatric nurse, social worker, rehabilitation counselor, and psychologist. Life skills and prevocational skills training is provided. The patient comes to terms with the illness and resulting life adjustments (Budson, 1994). The high expectation transitional halfway house (HETH) cares for the healthiest patients. After only one or two weeks of hospitalization, patients arrive, still acutely ill; patients usually suffer from a mood disorder and have a higher level of functioning. HETH provides a home-like bridge to independent living offering life skills acquisition to include household responsibilities (menu planning, cooking, personal quarters upkeep). Weekly programs of meetings, individual case management, and help in implementing a thirty-hour-per-week activity program outside the residence (work, school, psychiatric day program) is provided. There is a live-in staff member who serves as a role model; counselors and clinician professionals supplement in the afternoons (Budson, 1994). Cooperative apartment facilities provide independent living for the mentally ill. Support, supervision and structure are also provided. Staffing consists of a social worker and cl

Category: Psychology - R