Gaius Julius Caesar
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1. Gaius Julius Caesar was born by Caesarian section, according to legend, to Aurelia and Gaius Julius Caesar, a praetor, on July 13, 100 BCE (Meier 51-55). His family had noble patrician roots, but they were not rich or influential during the period of his birth. His aunt Julia on his fatherĘs side was the wife of Gaius Marius, the leader of the Popular faction, who had saved the Roman Republic several years earlier by defeating two German tribes, the Teutones and the Cimbri. While Caesar was still an infant, Marius lost much of his popularity and left Rome to travel in Greece and Asia Minor. However, he was still influential and had CaesarĘs father elected praetor, a magistrate whose most important function was the administration of justice. In 85 BCE, CaesarĘs father died, and Caesar was betrothed to a wealthy young woman, Cossutia (Meier 56-58). This engagement was broken off, and Caesar at age 18 married Cornelia, the daughter of a prominent member of the Popular faction, who bore him his only legitimate child, Julia. When the Optimate dictator, Sulla, was in power, he ordered Caesar to divorce Cornelia, and when he refused, proscribed him (ordered him executed), and Caesar went into hiding. He was eventually pardoned due to the efforts of influential friends and relatives. After CorneliaĘs death, Caesar married Pompeia, a granddaughter of Sulla. He was elected praetor in 62 BCE, and divorced Pompeia because of her involvement in a scandal with another man,
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e Meuse, he attacked the Aduatuci and sold the entire tribe as slaves. In the same year, a smaller Roman army had gone to the west of modern France and demanded the surrender of the nations in Normandy and Brittany, under the command of Marcus Licinius Crassus, the sone of the triumvir.
After the Belgian campaigns, Caesar went south to winter along the Loire, and a 15-day public thanksgiving was held in Rome - the first time such an honor had been bestowed on anyone. Now all of Gaul was nominally submitted to Rome, and Caesar spent the winter in Illyricum, but when he crossed the Alps, the Gauls of Brittany rose up against the Romans (Hanford 74-87). In 56 BCE, Caesar ordered ships built and spent some time in Italy with Pompey and Crassus at Lucca. The triumvirs decided to continue their conspiracy against the Roman republic and agreed that CaesarĘs generalship in Gaul should be continued until 50 BCE. In return they demanded CaesarĘs support for them to be consuls in 55 BCE. Caesar agreed, and with his position secured, he crossed the Alps and in the summer, defeated the Britons in a naval battle. His colonels took charge of mop-up operations along the Atlantic coast.
In 55 BCE, two tribes from the area across the Rh
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Approximate Word count = 1751
Approximate Pages = 7 (250 words per page)
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