Public Relations Public relations is def

The history of public relations is therefore a spotty one. Too often the success of a PR campaign is judged narrowly, by whether or not it achieved its stated goal of motivating the public, ignoring the ethical or social implications of a given effort to mould opinion. Two of the three men generally considered to be the founders of the field of public relations may be seen as having done much more harm than good, in spite of their brilliant manipulative ability. And the current unquestioned master of manipulating American public opinion through the use of PR techniques, Karl Rove, can hardly be regarded as a benefactor of mankind.

Ivy Lee, held up as the father of the press release and originator of the ôtwo-way streetö concept of public relations, in which listening to the public is considered as important as influencing it, is best remembered for ôpropagandising on behalf of clients despised by the public, including robber baron Joh

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d of certain multinational corporations to privatise and sell water in places where it had previously been provided free, such as Bolivia, which has produced public protests and riots in reaction. The difference between public relations and advertising is that while PR seeks to change peopleÆs behavior by influencing their opinions, the goal of advertising is a narrower one û to induce the public to buy a product. The two concepts are not perfectly separate conceptually, and have a distinct overlap. Massive public relations campaigns involving press releases and conferences, media access, and staged publicity events may be used to launch a new product. Conversely a product may be advertised with a focus on changing public attitudes and actions, such as the pro-smoking campaign of Mr. Bernays. The American political campaign, and increasingly public issues of vital political concern to a party, faction, interest group, campaign contributor, or corporation are increasingly dependent on the techniques of mass manipulation and selective information control mastered by PR firms. American PR companies have been active in Israeli, Iraqi, Afghani, Ukrainian, and European elections recently, showing that the slick use of media marketing
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Approximate Word count = 1405
Approximate Pages = 6 (250 words per page)

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