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Desegregation of Higher Education in Deep South

FORDICE DESEGREGATION CASES AND HISTORICALLY BLACK UNIVERSITIES

This legal research paper discusses the history of the federal cases dealing with desegregation of publicly-supported higher education in the Deep South, primarily the Ayers/Fordice cases in federal courts in Mississippi and the appeals and subsequent proceedings therefrom cited below, and their implications for the continued existence and functioning of historically black universities (HBUs), sometimes referred to as historically black institutions (HBIs) or historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs).

After the Civil War, HBIs served a unique and critical function in educating young blacks (African-Americans) in the Southern states, but they were severely handicapped by and served as an integral part of a pattern of legally-sanctioned de jure racial segregation, educational deprivation and political, economic and social subordination of blacks in the South. HBIs were separate but far from equal. After the Supreme Court ruled in Brown v. Board of Education, 347 U.S. 483 (1954) that racial segregation in public elementary and secondary schools was inherently unequal and mandated that it end, a series of legal actions were initiated by the federal government and private parties under the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment to the Constitution and Title VI to the Civil Rights Act of 1964 to challenge the legality of and to end de jure racial segregation in higher education in the South. The cases brought in Mississippi were consolidated on appeal before the Supreme Court, which in United States v. Fordice set broad standards for the federal courts to deal with segregated higher educational institutions in Mississippi and elsewhere. Unfortunately, the standards set forth in the Fordice decision for the racial integration of Mississippi's colleges and universities potentially jeopardized the constitutional standing and possibly even the future exist...

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Desegregation of Higher Education in Deep South. (1969, December 31). In LotsofEssays.com. Retrieved 06:19, March 29, 2024, from https://www.lotsofessays.com/viewpaper/1707480.html