Endometriosis: An Outline I. Introduction.

1. Transplantation Theory.

2. Risks for menstrual regurgitation.

B. Caucasians, African-Americans, Japanese.

Endometriosis ranks as the second most common gynecological disorder requiring medical and surgical treatment. Despite its widespread occurrence though, the disease's exact pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear. Many believe that endometriosis results from the extrauterine transplantation of endometrial cells. Subsequent proliferation of these cells may then produce symptoms. At present, various different approaches may be employed for the diagnosis and treatment of the condition. Perhaps laparoscopic techniques are the most widely used. In addition, ultrasound may also provide a noninvasive means for detecting endometriotic lesions. For patients with moderate to severe pelvic endometriosis who have completed their families, total abdominal hysterectomy is one therapeutic option.

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be associated with repeat hospitalizations and surgery, as well as prolonged medical treatment. It has been estimated that 10-15% of all premenopausal women have endometriosis. Many of these, however, are asymptomatic. In fact, approximately 25% of endometriosis is diagnosed during a laparoscopy procedure performed for some other reason (12:33). Researchers have found that the frequency and severity of endometriotic symptoms do not generally correlate with either the extent or the site of a patient's lesions. For example, most women do not experience pain. In addition, up to 77% have no dysmenorrhea and up to 70% have no dyspareunia (20:682). Of those that do present with sufficient symptoms to justify laparoscopy, the gross clinical incidence in premenopausal women is approximately 2-5% (9:3-4). With adenomyosis, frequency estimates are highly variable. These may range from as low as 5% to as high as 70%. The mean frequency range for adenomyosis has been calculated to be between 20-30% (18:790). Over the years, various epidemiological studies have attempted to identify specific populations which are at risk for endometriosis. Genetic influences have long been suspected in the disease. For example, certain data su
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