European colonialism in Latin American ended duri

Portugal claimed Brazil early in the 1500s, at a time when approximately two million Indians lived in a vast area (Burns, 1980, p. 17). Portugal exploited BrazilÆs many resources, and soon the South American colony became PortugalÆs prize overseas possession. EuropeÆs Latin American empires began to crumble early in the 19th century, as Napoleon overran Spain and Portugal. The Portuguese king fled to Brazil in 1808, to rule in exile. Once the British stopped Napoleon in 1815, it became apparent that the Latin American colonies were no longer tenable (Burns, 1980, p. 144).

Three centuries of Portuguese rule left Brazilians with little example to follow once they gained independence in 1822. BrazilÆs size had prevented Portugal from exercising anything more than nominal control over many areas. In many respects, Brazilians had enjoyed a high level of autonomy. Indeed, Brazilian independence movements began only after Portugal tried to assert more control during the 18th century (Burns, 1980, p. 160).

The Portuguese king returned home after NapoleonÆs

. . .
g the vast majority of the population. Federalism also infused the new constitution, granting broad powers to BrazilÆs 20 states. The states retained authority over their exports and also retained the right to maintain militias (Burns, 1980, p. 290-91). Marshal Deodoro, the head of the army and the leader the coup dÆTtat, became the first elected President of Brazil. He immediately quarreled with Congress, and 1891 looked a lot like 1823. Deodoro dissolved Congress in November 1891, just nine months after the constitution had taken effect. However, this time, the executiveÆs action met with widespread disapproval, and Deodoro resigned (Burns, 1980, p. 292). Vice President Floriano, another military man, succeeded Deodoro. By 1893, however, he faced full-scale revolt. The navy, dominated by aristocrats, soon joined in the rebellion and sought FlorianoÆs ouster. The intervention of foreign powers, particularly the U.S., helped end the conflict and keep Floriano in power (Burns, 1980, pp. 295-97). Elections brought President Prudente de Morais to power in March 1894. He reversed the governmentÆs industrialization policy and once again emphasized agriculture. Coffee planters expanded their power and influence in Braz
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Some common words found in the essay are:
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Approximate Pages = 10 (250 words per page)