Changing Government
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Americans are critical of their government and their leaders and often do not make a clear distinction between the two. There is a perception in the land that government does not work as intended and that something has to be done to make government more responsive to the people. Such criticism seems to cover the political spectrum, as can be seen in the last several presidential campaigns when both Republicans and Democrats have run against Washington and against having been part of government if they can. When the Clinton administration reached Washington, one of its early efforts was overseen by Vice President Gore and was known as the National Performance Review or "Reinventing Government." This was the eleventh effort this century intended to reshape the federal government and to improve the executive branch. Professors DiIulio, Garvey, and Kettl offer their assessment of the issues involved in their book Improving Government Performance, and they call specifically for a program of evolutionary change rather than for sudden shifts in structure and function as a way of improving the government and enhancing its performance and responsiveness. The authors note first that the two metaphors of reform from the beginning have been invention and evolution. The metaphor of invention derived from the Founding Fathers and their preoccupation with Newtonian mechanism: They thought it possible to create a self-checking governmental apparatus, a "machine that would go of it
. . .
s the scope of what can be accomplished and that thus limits the efficiency that can be achieved. Indeed, he sees the possibility of doing way with institutions once the information age makes the dissemination of complex information on a widespread basis a reality, noting that "no institutions are necessary in a world of complete information." What he means by this term "complete information" is uncertain, and it is in fact not clear that in a society as technological and complex as ours has become and will continue to become, such a thing as "complete information" is even possible.
DiIulio, Garvey, and Kettl also see institutions as being shaped in terms of the need for and the ability to provide and use information, and they also seem to see current problems with government as deriving from changes in the amount and nature of information utilized and needed by different agencies and actors in government. Government is seen as essentially inefficient in its ability to use information, and this has come about because government has grown piece by piece without a clear plan. The current bureaucratic structure came into being in the progressive era when the basic mechanisms were put in place, including new cabinet departments
. . .
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Approximate Word count = 1938
Approximate Pages = 8 (250 words per page)
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