Services for Young Adults With Type 1 Diabetes

The research examined in this study tended, on the whole, to affirm the importance of providing educational and intervention services to young adults and adolescents diagnosed as having Type 1 diabetes. Specifically, MacFarlane, et al (2001), Whittemore (200), and Raji, et al (2002) all argued that patient education, particularly education focused on identification of potentially damaging lifestyle behaviors such as smoking, a lack of exercise, and poor diet and nutrition, is a necessary aspect of nursing care for members of this patient population. Other research, including that of Raile, et al (1999), emphasized the importance of identifying the degree to which adolescents and young adults with this condition participate in physical activities, including both recreational exercise or sports and competitive sports.

Chernoff, et al (2002) explored the efficacy of community-based support services for families of young people with chronic illnesses including Type 1 diabetes and concluded that a targeted intervention involving maternal caretakers and provided by nurses and/or other health care professionals was likely to be effective in inducing adherence to lifestyle shifts needed to improve the symptoms of the illness. Conversely, Renders, et al (2001) suggested that health care practitioners themselves would be well served by participation in an educational training effort structured to improve the management of diabetes in primary care, outpatient, and communit

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participate in nurse-delivered educational programs addressing lifestyle issues do respond positively to those issues. The second research issue that focused on whether the Neuman assessment intervention tool would be useful for nurses was not addressed in the review of literature. However, elsewhere in this report a theoretical explication of this model supported the belief that nursing intervention grounded in theory and using specific assessment tools is more likely to result in intervention efficacy than not. It is clear that further research must be done that specifically and quantitatively links this particular theoretical model to nursing interventions targeting patients with Type I diabetes. Overall, several general conclusions can be drawn from the present qualitative study: Young adults with Type I diabetes appear to integrate lifestyle changes following education provided by primary caregivers such as nurses Nurses are key professionals in the delivery of educational services and lifestyle change interventions for members of this patient population To the degree that nurses and other health caregivers are educated and trained to provide state-of-the-art information regarding positive lifestyle choices to their

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