Aggressive Behavior
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In Substance Use Patterns of Young Offenders and Violent Crime, Lennings, Copeland, and Howard (2003, p. 415) argue their purpose is to ôvalidate the possibility that a connection exists between substance use or types of substances used and engaging in violent crime.ö The research hypothesis is that ôillicit substance use is related to a history of violent crimeö (Lennings, et al. 2003, p. 416). The sample population was a group of adolescent detainees who were provided with a survey over a one-month period in Queensland, Australia. The uses of screening measures were employed, including AUDIT (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test), which measures frequency, dose, and psychosocial harm related to alcohol use. After choosing the primary substance of use, the LDQ (Leeds Dependency Questionnaire) was provided on the specific substance chosen. The independent variable used by the researchers was the admission of violence. Dependent variables were age, the AUDIT score, a 5-item depression scale developed by Tambs and Moun, and a general substance dependency score calculate from the LDQ (Lennings, et al. 2003). To measure the significance of each variable, the multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used on two groups from the sample, those admitting to violent offense and those not. A score greater than 10 on the AUDIT indicates ôsignificant risk of problem alcohol useö (Lennings et al. 2003, 416). The overall MANOVA was found to be signi
. . .
was asked to nominate his primary substance of use and to complete the Leeds
Dependency Questionnaire (LDQ) [Raistrick et al., 1994] on that substance. The LDQ is a
brief (10 item) questionnaire assessing the psychosocial dimensions of the ICD-10 definition
of substance abuse.
To test the hypothesis that illicit substance use might be related to a history of violent
crime, a multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was performed with the sample
divided into two groupsûthose admitting to a violent offence and those not. Admission of
violence was treated as the independent variable. Dependent variables were age, the AUDIT
score, and a general substance dependency score derived from the LDQ and the 5 item
depression scale developed by Tambs and Moun (1993) from the Symptom checklist 90
Revised (SCL-90R) (Derogatis, 1992).
In the analysis the overall MANOVA is significant (RaoÆs R=3.39(4), po.05) and
analysis of the univariate FÆs reveal that only the AUDIT score discriminated between the
two groups; with those convicted of a violent offence reporting a higher mean AUDIT score
than those that did not (F=9.65 (1, 84) po.01 violent offenders mean=21.00, non-violent
offenders=15.36). It should be noted that for both groups the mean AU
. . .
Some common words found in the essay are:
Copeland Howard, LDQ Lennings, Dependency Questionnaire, Identification Test, Tambs Moun, Queensland Australia, lennings et al, al 2003, lennings et, et al 2003, et al, al 2003 416, 2003 416, violent crimeö,
Approximate Word count = 4984
Approximate Pages = 20 (250 words per page)
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