The conflict theory of social problems and social interaction presupposed the existence in any and all societies of dominant groups and institutions which employ coercive power to impose their values upon others, (DeNitto 2000). In light of such dominant-minority group relations, stability in society is brought about because of the needs of the dominant groups to maintain social arrangements that are in their best interest. In conflict theory, both conflict and change are defined as essential features of social life. Conflict theorists often expand on MarxÆs insights about struggle among the owners of the means of production and workers. They also point to the links between economic and political power and both ideas and values.
Conflict theory is often viewed as the source of social problems, from prejudice and discrimination to poverty and inequality. This is because conflict theory maintains that there is a limited number of resources available in society. Problems emerge when groups with different levels of power and influence vie for the same resources. Kornblum and Julian (2004) define the conflict perspective of society as viewing society as characterized by ôconflicts due to inequalities in class, race, ethnicity, gender, age, and other reasons that produce conflicting valuesö (7). We see the conflict theory readily illustrated in the current debate over gay marriage. Being fought on the state and federal level, homosexuals are a minority group that does not coincide with the mainstream values of dominant heterosexual groups in U.S. society. Because of the difference in values and power to influence legislation, conflict arises. As Kornblum (et al.) explains, ôSocial problems are conditions that do not conform to societyÆs values. Groups with different values and different amounts of power meet and compete,ö (7).
When we look at other social problems in U.S. society, we see the conflict the
...