17th Century Baroque Paintings
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The works of Annibale Carracci, Claude Lorrain, and Jacob van Ruisdael are products of the seventeenth century Baroque period, a period in which increasing secularism, naturalism, and a focus on human reason were interwoven with elements of Antiquity and the Renaissance. All three of the paintersÆ works herein are of the landscape tradition. CarracciÆs Flight into Egypt is oil on canvas and was created circa 1600 (Flight 1). The work measures 4Æ x 7Æ6ö and hangs in the Galleria Doria Pamphili, Rome (Tansey and Kleiner 840). LorrainÆs Pastoral Landscape (1638) is emblematic of the ideal or Classical landscape, a form which he and others adopted and developed. It is also oil on canvas, measuring 3Æ3ö x 4Æ3-1/4ö (Pastoral 1). The elements within this form of landscape are embodied in CarracciÆs work. Jacob van RuisdaelÆs View of Haarlem from the Dunes of Overveen (1670) is another landscape, also oil on canvas, measuring 1Æ10ö x 2Æ1ö (Tansey et al. 864).In terms of comparison, View of Haarlem is much smaller in scale than either Pastoral Landscape or Flight into Egypt. However, also greatly diminished in comparison to the other two are the human figures. As Tansey (et al.) notes, this purposeful construction of humans as minute figures mirrored the new philosophies and scientific interests of the Baroque period, ôIn View of HaarlemàRuisdael gives us almost a portrait of the newly discovered, infinite universe, allowing the sky to take up almost three-quarters of the p
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rracci, who in turn was influenced by Lorrain. Lorrain remained impressed with the scale of CarracciÆs landscapes and allegedly began making his larger. CarracciÆs passion for scale is most evident in Flight into Egypt. The workÆs representation of nature is also one of harmony and pastoral mood. CarracciÆs work is imbued with all of the elements that typically makeup the ôidealö or ôClassicalö landscape as Tansey (et al.) defines it, ôThis kind of landscape would come to prevail as the accepted pictorial representation of nature ordered by Divine law and human reasonö (840). CarracciÆs work is filled with myriad pastoral elements, as are both the works of Lorrain and van Ruisdael. The pastoral tone and setting was typically one that included some kind of architecture in them. This element is apparent in Flight into Egypt and View of Haarlem, but not in LorrainÆs Pastoral Landscape.
The pastoral landscape is the focus of all three of these works. Such landscapes included a variety of elements that demonstrated the harmony and order in nature that was the ultimate combination of Divine law and human reason. During the 17th century new ideas in philosophy, science, and other areas of culture were represented through such de
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Some common words found in the essay are:
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Approximate Word count = 1579
Approximate Pages = 6 (250 words per page)
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