Scientific Concepts of Isaac Newton

Johannes KeplerÆs work was based on the work of Tycho Brahe. KeplerÆs ideas were revolutionary. He believed the planets traveled in an elliptical or oval pattern. Kepler devised three laws that provide the first kinematic description of orbits: (1) The law of elliptical orbits, (2) The law of equal areas; and, (3) The law of harmonics:

Law 1: Planets move in an elliptical orbit with the sun at once focus,

Law 2: A line connecting the sun and a planet (radius vector) sweeps out equal areas in equal times; and,

Law 3: The square of a planetÆs orbital period is proportional to its mean distance from the sun cubed.

Newton believed like others before him that the universe was heliocentric. He expanded on GalileoÆs work to provide a better explanation for the relationship between energy and motion. Where Kepler developed a kinematic description of orbits, Newton would refine KeplerÆs theories and develo

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