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While the Civil War Battle of Vicksburg in 1863 is not as well known as the Battle of Gettysburg, many historians argue that the conflict and the Northern victory ôcontributed more to the end of the war than any battle to that dateö (Battle, 2003, 1). The simple fact of the significance of this battle is geography. Vicksburg was strategically located atop a 200-foot bluff just downstream from a sharp curve on the Mississippi river. This enabled the South to position major artillery on the bluff. When Northern steamships arrived at the sharp curve, they had to slow down making themselves sitting ducks. As long as the Confederacy had control of such a strategic location, they also had control of the Mississippi river. This enabled them to readily obtain supplies and there was little Union forces could do to dislodge them from such a geographically advantageous location.Though the South would ultimately lose Vicksburg, victory did not come easily for Northern forces. Despite making four attempts to capture Vicksburg from upriver, General Ulysses S. Grant failed all four times. Because of the advantageous geography at Vicksburg, Confederate forces were able to hold off the Union onslaught. However, after failing four times Grant decided he would merge his army with the army of the Gulf to make an attack on Fort Hudson. Though General Pemberton had prove a worthy adversary to Grant at this point, Grant instructed his troops to create myriad diversions
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n and Roberts, 1989, 49).
Eric Foner (1998) has characterized the early towns and villages of New England as based on the Puritan conception of freedom that distinguished sharply between ônatural libertyö that suggested ôa liberty to evilö and ômoral libertyö or a liberty to do only what is good (4). By their belief that man, left to his own devices, would quickly become corrupt and sinful, the early New Englanders sought to establish a polity in which severe restraints on the freedom of speech, religion, movement, and personal behavior were maintained. Submission to the will of God and the duly appointed secular authorities was accompanied in this region by a well-understood set of interconnected responsibilities and duties. Foner (1998) claims that the New Englanders defined freedom less as a political or social status than as a spiritual condition (3).
The encounter between the Puritans and Native Americans was initially positive, but historian Gary Nash (2000) says that fairly quickly conflict developed between these two groups (92-93). The relatively nomadic and far-ranging lifestyle and economic system of Native American groups was decidedly antithetical to that of the colonists. Further, the determination of the Puri
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Approximate Word count = 5976
Approximate Pages = 24 (250 words per page)
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