Phases of Swallowing

The two phases of swallowing are the oral and the pharyngeal. The oral phase can be divided into two subphases, the oral preparatory and the oral transport phase (Aviv). In the oral preparatory phase, the food is ground and manipulated to prepare it for swallowing; the lips, tongue, mandible, palate, and cheeks act together along with the flow of saliva to accomplish this preparation (Aviv). In the oral transport phase, the muscles in the lips and cheeks contract and the tongue contracts against the hard palate, while the soft palate elevates (Aviv). The front two-thirds of the tongue has a critical function in the oral stage of swallowing, using its extrinsic and intrinsic muscles. The extrinsic muscles

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