Nursing Theorists Orem and Rogers

Dorothea Orem and Martha Rogers are two prominent nursing theorists with distinct theories on nursing. Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory originated in 1971 and included three corollary theories: self-care, self-care deficit, and Nursing System Theory ("Central Concepts of the Theory"). The Self-Care Theory states that self-care is a learned behavior that people "initiate and perform on their own behalf to maintain life, health, and well-being" ("Central Concepts of the Theory"). Orem termed the individual's ability to perform self care "self-care agency," which applies to adults who are not too aged, ill, or disabled to care for themselves; those who are too young, too old, ill, or disabled naturally require assistance with their self-care activities ("Central Concepts of the Theory"). Orem identified three kinds of self-care requisites: universal requisites common to all people, such as maintenance of air, water, food, elimination, activity, and rest; developmental requisites associated with conditions "that promoted known developmental processes throughout the life cycle;" and health deviation requisites related to defects and deviations from normal structure and integrity "that impair an individual's ability to perform self-care" ("Central Concepts of the Theory").

Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory explains that people benefit from nursing because they cannot provide self-care. Her Nursing System Theory argues that when nurses prescribe, design, and p

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